Systems and Models

Author: Hartmut Bossel
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 3833481218
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 374

Book Description
A multitude of complex systems and actors pursuing their own agenda shape the dynamics of our world. Better understanding of their actions and interactions is crucial, and can be achieved by a profound knowledge of systems and their properties, and their representation in models allowing simulation of probable behavior. Drawing on his extensive research and teaching experience in modeling and simulation of a wide range of systems - from engineering to social systems and ecosystems - the author presents the fundamental concepts and approaches for understanding and modeling the complex systems shaping the dynamics of our world. The book applies state space analysis and system dynamics to deal with the dynamic processes of "causal systems," discusses information processing approaches for modeling decision processes of "actors" and "agents," and uses aspects of the coevolutionary development of systems in their environment to deal with normative orientation, ethics, and evaluation of policies and long-term development. The concepts are applied in particular to the issue of sustainable development of human society in an evolving world. The book is complemented by a survey of system topics and of models from many fields, and by an extensive bibliography on the many systems-related subjects covered. Hartmut Bossel is Professor Emeritus of environmental systems analysis. He taught for many years at the University of California in Santa Barbara and the University of Kassel, Germany, where he was director of the Center for Environmental Systems Research until his retirement. He holds an engineering degree from the Technical University of Darmstadt, and a Ph.D. degree from the University of California at Berkeley. With a background in engineering, systems science, and mathematical modeling, he has led many research projects and future studies in different countries, developing computer simulation models and decision support systems in the areas of energy supply policy, global dynamics, orientation of behavior, agricultural policy, and forest dynamics and management. He has written numerous books on modeling and simulation of dynamic systems, social change and future paths, and has published widely in the scientific literature in several fields. Bossel is author of a System Zoo containing over one hundred simulation models of diverse systems.

Modéliser les accidents et les catastrophes industrielles : la méthode STAMP

Author: HARDY Karim
Publisher: Lavoisier
ISBN: 2743064773
Category : Industrial safety
Languages : en
Pages : 130

Book Description
Synthèse unique en langue française, Modéliser les accidents et les catastrophes industrielles : la méthode STAMP est le fruit d’un travail de recherche sur les modèles d’accident au sein des systèmes, qu’ils soient techniques et/ou sociaux. Cet ouvrage décrit les principales grandes théories, modèles et approches mobilisables pour comprendre, évaluer et mettre en place une démarche de prévention des accidents et de gestion des risques au sein de systèmes sociotechniques. Il présente ainsi tous les éléments nécessaires à la compréhension des modèles d’accident : définitions, objectifs, cadres théoriques et scientifiques, limites et développements, etc... L’ouvrage aborde l’accident selon une approche systémique, notamment selon la théorie générale des systèmes de Bertalanffy. Puis il propose une étude du modèle STAMP et de la technique d’analyse des dangers STPA à travers sa mise en application au sein d’un système socio-technique industriel de traitement de sédiments contaminés, en vue d’en évaluer la sécurité et d’en améliorer la performance. Clair et concis, il permet ainsi : de connaître les principaux modèles d’accident existants et de les comprendre ; d’appréhender la modélisation d’accident comme un outil essentiel de compréhension et d’analyse des interactions entre les différents éléments d’un système et donc de son comportement ; d’acquérir et d’approfondir ses connaissances sur le modèle d’accident STAMP ainsi que sur son application au sein de systèmes socio-techniques. Modéliser les accidents et les catastrophes industrielles : la méthode STAMP s’adresse à tous les professionnels de la sécurité souhaitant consolider leur connaissance des évaluations de la sécurité ou des enquêtes sur les accidents au sein des systèmes socio-techniques.

The Impact of Electric Cars on Oil Demand and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Key Markets

Author: Gómez Vilchez, Jonatan J.
Publisher: KIT Scientific Publishing
ISBN: 3731509148
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 350

Book Description

Thinking in Systems

Author: Donella H. Meadows
Publisher: Chelsea Green Publishing
ISBN: 1603580557
Category : Critical thinking
Languages : en
Pages : 242

Book Description
Thinking in Systems is a concise and crucial book offering insight for problem-solving on scales ranging from the personal to the global. This essential primer brings systems thinking out of the realm of computers and equations and into the tangible world, showing readers how to develop the systems-thinking skills that thought leaders across the globe consider critical for 21st-century life. While readers will learn the conceptual tools and methods of systems thinking, the heart of the book is grander than methodology. Donella Meadows was known as much for nurturing positive outcomes as she was.

Averting Climate Catastrophe Together

Author: Martin Zapf
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN: 3110777584
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 209

Book Description
Humanity has so far failed to respect some essential compatibility limits to ensure sustainable development. Is it possible to change the course? This book revolves around this question, focusing on climate change. Averting Climate Catastrophe Together addresses the necessity of meeting the Paris Agreement temperature target and explores what framework could enable climate action in an effective, efficient and equitable manner that is consistent with that goal. It also looks at the contribution of technological change within the economic system, including the feasibility of a global energy transition. Whether humanity can avoid catastrophic climate change appears to depend not on the availability of technological solutions, but rather on international cooperation and coordination. Given the various sustainability issues, this book also discusses whether it is possible to derive a general approach to them. It argues that dealing with compatibility limits in complex systems requires a holistic change in the system structure. Therefore, systems science is discussed together with economics, technological change, and sustainable development. This book targets scientists and experts from different disciplines due to the interdisciplinary topic, but especially from environmental economics and energy technology; policy makers, as policy recommendations are provided to address climate change; as well as the general public due to the pressing common challenge of addressing climate change and comprehensive efforts for sustainable development. Provides evidence based on climate science research on the necessity of meeting the Paris Agreement temperature target Highlights the feasibility of the global energy transition as one major option to mitigate climate change, also going into detail about the process of technological change Brings together systems science with economics, technological change, and sustainable development Derives a framework to meet the Paris Agreement temperature target, enabling coordinated climate action in an effective and efficient manner while pursuing distributive justice

A Systemic Perspective to Managing Complexity with Enterprise Architecture

Author: Saha, Pallab
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1466645199
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 580

Book Description
Organizational complexity is an unavoidable aspect of all businesses, even larger ones, which can hinder their ability to react to sudden or disruptive change. However, with the implementation of enterprise architecture (EA), businesses are able to provide their leaders with the resources needed to address any arising challenges. A Systemic Perspective to Managing Complexity with Enterprise Architecture highlights the current advances in utilizing enterprise architecture for managing organizational complexity. By demonstrating the value and usefulness of EA, this book serves as a reference for business leaders, managers, engineers, enterprise architects, and many others interested in new research and approaches to business complexity.

Sustainability Assessments of Urban Systems

Author: Claudia R. Binder
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 110847179X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 523

Book Description
Provides guidelines for assessing the sustainability of urban systems including theory, methods and case studies.

Agent-based Modeling and Simulation in Archaeology

Author: Gabriel Wurzer
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331900008X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 276

Book Description
Archaeology has been historically reluctant to embrace the subject of agent-based simulation, since it was seen as being used to "re-enact" and "visualize" possible scenarios for a wider (generally non-scientific) audience, based on scarce and fuzzy data. Furthermore, modeling "in exact terms" and programming as a means for producing agent-based simulations were simply beyond the field of the social sciences. This situation has changed quite drastically with the advent of the internet age: Data, it seems, is now ubiquitous. Researchers have switched from simply collecting data to filtering, selecting and deriving insights in a cybernetic manner. Agent-based simulation is one of the tools used to glean information from highly complex excavation sites according to formalized models, capturing essential properties in a highly abstract and yet spatial manner. As such, the goal of this book is to present an overview of techniques used and work conducted in that field, drawing on the experience of practitioners.

Modelling to Program

Author: Ajantha Dahanayake
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030726967
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 233

Book Description
This book constitutes revised selected papers from the Second International Workshop on Modelling to Program, M2P 2020, held in Lappeenranta, Finland, in March 2020. The 10 papers presented were thoroughly reviewed and selected from 24 submissions. The papers provide a discussion on novel approaches to programming based on modelling approaches such as model-driven development (MDE, MDA, MDD) and conceptual-model programming and their future developments. The topics of the papers include notions of models that can be understood and used as programs, models-at-runtime, advanced conceptual modelling, conceptual-model programming, modelling foundation, transformation of models to programs, model suites/ensembles for programmers, modelling as the first step to programming and its revisions, advanced model-driven programming and software modernisation, modelling in applications.

Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Pathophysiology, Epidemiology, Clinical Management and Public Health Response (volume I.B)

Author: Zisis Kozlakidis
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832522300
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1127

Book Description
Volume I.B An outbreak of a respiratory disease first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and the causative agent was discovered in January 2020 to be a novel betacoronovirus of the same subgenus as SARS-CoV and named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly disseminated worldwide, with clinical manifestations ranging from mild respiratory symptoms to severe pneumonia and a fatality rate estimated around 2%. Person to person transmission is occurring both in the community and healthcare settings. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recently declared the COVID-19 epidemic a public health emergency of international concern. The ongoing outbreak presents many clinical and public health management challenges due to limited understanding of viral pathogenesis, risk factors for infection, natural history of disease including clinical presentation and outcomes, prognostic factors for severe illness, period of infectivity, modes and extent of virus inter-human transmission, as well as effective preventive measures and public health response and containment interventions. There are no antiviral treatment nor vaccine available but fast track research and development efforts including clinical therapeutic trials are ongoing across the world. Managing this serious epidemic requires the appropriate deployment of limited human resources across all cadres of health care and public health staff, including clinical, laboratory, managerial and epidemiological data analysis and risk assessment experts. It presents challenges around public communication and messaging around risk, with the potential for misinformation and disinformation. Therefore, integrated operational research and intervention, learning from experiences across different fields and settings should contribute towards better understanding and managing COVID-19. This Research Topic aims to highlight interdisciplinary research approaches deployed during the COVID-19 epidemic, addressing knowledge gaps and generating evidence for its improved management and control. It will incorporate critical, theoretically informed and empirically grounded original research contributions using diverse approaches, experimental, observational and intervention studies, conceptual framing, expert opinions and reviews from across the world. The Research Topic proposes a multi-dimensional approach to improving the management of COVID-19 with scientific contributions from all areas of virology, immunology, clinical microbiology, epidemiology, therapeutics, communications as well as infection prevention and public health risk assessment and management studies.