Sacred Mandates

Sacred Mandates PDF Author: Timothy Brook
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 022656293X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 292

Book Description
Contemporary discussions of international relations in Asia tend to be tethered in the present, unmoored from the historical contexts that give them meaning. Sacred Mandates, edited by Timothy Brook, Michael van Walt van Praag, and Miek Boltjes, redresses this oversight by examining the complex history of inter-polity relations in Inner and East Asia from the thirteenth century to the twentieth, in order to help us understand and develop policies to address challenges in the region today. This book argues that understanding the diversity of past legal orders helps explain the forms of contemporary conflict, as well as the conflicting historical narratives that animate tensions. Rather than proceed sequentially by way of dynasties, the editors identify three “worlds”—Chingssid Mongol, Tibetan Buddhist, and Confucian Sinic—that represent different forms of civilization authority and legal order. This novel framework enables us to escape the modern tendency to view the international system solely as the interaction of independent states, and instead detect the effects of the complicated history at play between and within regions. Contributors from a wide range of disciplines cover a host of topics: the development of international law, sovereignty, state formation, ruler legitimacy, and imperial expansion, as well as the role of spiritual authority on state behavior, the impact of modernization, and the challenges for peace processes. The culmination of five years of collaborative research, Sacred Mandates will be the definitive historical guide to international and intrastate relations in Asia, of interest to policymakers and scholars alike, for years to come.

Violence and New Religious Movements

Violence and New Religious Movements PDF Author: James R. Lewis
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199831319
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 457

Book Description
The relationship between new religious movements (NRMs) and violence has long been a topic of intense public interest--an interest heavily fueled by multiple incidents of mass violence involving certain groups. Some of these incidents have made international headlines. When New Religious Movements make the news, it's usually because of some violent episode. Some of the most famous NRMs are known much more for the violent way they came to an end than for anything else. Violence and New Religious Movements offers a comprehensive examination of violence by-and against-new religious movements. The book begins with theoretical essays on the relationship between violence and NRMs and then moves on to examine particular groups. There are essays on the "Big Five"--the most well-known cases of violent incidents involving NRMs: Jonestown, Waco, Solar Temple, the Aum Shunrikyo subway attack, and the Heaven's Gate suicides. But the book also provides a richer survey by examining a host of lesser-known groups. This volume is the culmination of decades of research by scholars of New Religious Movements.

A Sacred Trust

A Sacred Trust PDF Author: Michael D Callahan
Publisher: Liverpool University Press
ISBN: 1837642397
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 322

Book Description
The second volume explains how the League of Nations mandates system fused two of the predominant and compelling global forces of the twentieth century: imperialism and Wilsonian internationalism. After the First World War, Britain and France administered most of Germany's former tropical African colonies as "mandates" under the supervision of the League as "a sacred trust of civilization." This system of international trusteeship changed British and French rule in Africa. In short, "mandates" were not "colonies." Mandates meant less militarism, more commercial equality, a greater emphasis on the interests of Africans, and an end to the extension of European national sovereignty over colonized peoples. Accountability to the League also required the British and French to reconsider traditional economic, strategic, and ideological assumptions about their empires. In the process, the "sacred trust" sowed the seeds of self-doubt about the very purpose and future of European imperialism. The mandates system continued to represent a genuine internationalisation and reformation of colonialism and had long-term economic, political, and cultural consequences for Africans and Europeans within the mandated territories. Despite the Depression, repeated Anglo-French foreign policy failures, growing humiliations for Geneva, and war in Africa and Europe, the principles and practices of international trusteeship proved persistent. Mandates demonstrated the relevance of international law, the importance of the League of Nations, and the impact of Wilsonian principles on international relations and European imperialism.

Sovereignty in China

Sovereignty in China PDF Author: Maria Adele Carrai
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108474195
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 301

Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive history of the emergence and the formation of the concept of sovereignty in China from the year 1840 to the present. It contributes to broadening the history of modern China by looking at the way the notion of sovereignty was gradually articulated by key Chinese intellectuals, diplomats and political figures in the unfolding of the history of international law in China, rehabilitates Chinese agency, and shows how China challenged Western Eurocentric assumptions about the progress of international law. It puts the history of international law in a global perspective, interrogating the widely-held belief of international law as universal order and exploring the ways in which its history is closely anchored to a European experience that fails to take into account how the encounter with other non-European realities has influenced its formation.

The Internal Diversification of Second Temple Judaism

The Internal Diversification of Second Temple Judaism PDF Author: Jeff S. Anderson
Publisher: University Press of America
ISBN: 9780761823278
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 228

Book Description
The period of Early Judaism beginning with the return from the Babylonian Exile in 538 B.C.E. to the destruction of the second temple in 70 C.E. is an enigma to many students of the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament. This era has often been overlooked as unimportant or been the victim of strongly confessional overgeneralizations. Christians have often touted the absolute uniqueness of their faith as something that replaced a jaded, outmoded Jewish religion. Jews, on the other hand, have often tended to identify Christianity as something entirely unique, a phenomenon totally unrelated to Judaism. However, the Second Temple period was one of the most prolific and creative in all of Israel's history. It was a time of unparalleled literary and theological diversity that gave rise to the powerful religious movements of Rabbinic Judaism and Early Christianity. The Internal Diversification of Second Temple Judaism provides a broad overview of the history, constituent communities, and theological innovations of the Second Temple period.

Soldat-X

Soldat-X PDF Author: Alexander Von Net
Publisher: Archway Publishing
ISBN: 1480830615
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 535

Book Description
Two soldiers, from two different periods in world history, live in the present. One is heroic, decent, and somewhat religious. The other is anger-filled, vicious, despotic, and evil. John Barnsmith was an African American soldier officially listed as missing in action during the Vietnam conflict. Unknown to all, John is accidently awakened from his state of suspended animation, placed there by a mysterious syndicate. Waking on a deserted tropical island, hes rescued and realizes its no longer 1969. He tries to adjust to the modern world in Las Vegas, but struggles. Hes soon summoned for a new mission, boldly risking everything on an adventure into the dangers of time and space. Baron Dietrech Von Tor was a myth in history. His actions were so terrorizing many historians thought of him as a fantasy figure. Originating from the Prussian line of aristocratic officers, the Baron stormed onto the New World as a leader of mercenaries, called in when the situation mandated an iron fist. After a battle against his enemies of Boston, the Barons life, death, and unholy resurrection by a sinister cult drastically altered his path. Now he walks among everyday people in the modern world after a long and secret hibernation, working with terrorists who harbor plans of devastation. The two men, both possessing the same power and martial arts skills, emerge in the present to engage in a duel over humanitys fate.
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