An Introduction to Non-Classical Logic

Author: Graham Priest
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139469673
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 582

Book Description
This revised and considerably expanded 2nd edition brings together a wide range of topics, including modal, tense, conditional, intuitionist, many-valued, paraconsistent, relevant, and fuzzy logics. Part 1, on propositional logic, is the old Introduction, but contains much new material. Part 2 is entirely new, and covers quantification and identity for all the logics in Part 1. The material is unified by the underlying theme of world semantics. All of the topics are explained clearly using devices such as tableau proofs, and their relation to current philosophical issues and debates are discussed. Students with a basic understanding of classical logic will find this book an invaluable introduction to an area that has become of central importance in both logic and philosophy. It will also interest people working in mathematics and computer science who wish to know about the area.

Classical and Nonclassical Logics

Author: Eric Schechter
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 9780691122793
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 530

Book Description
Classical logic is traditionally introduced by itself, but that makes it seem arbitrary and unnatural. This text introduces classical alongside several nonclassical logics (relevant, constructive, quantative, paraconsistent).

Labelled Non-Classical Logics

Author: Luca Viganò
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475732082
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 295

Book Description
I am very happy to have this opportunity to introduce Luca Vigano's book on Labelled Non-Classical Logics. I put forward the methodology of labelled deductive systems to the participants of Logic Colloquium'90 (Labelled Deductive systems, a Position Paper, In J. Oikkonen and J. Vaananen, editors, Logic Colloquium '90, Volume 2 of Lecture Notes in Logic, pages 66-68, Springer, Berlin, 1993), in an attempt to bring labelling as a recognised and significant component of our logic culture. It was a response to earlier isolated uses of labels by various distinguished authors, as a means to achieve local proof theoretic goals. Labelling was used in many different areas such as resource labelling in relevance logics, prefix tableaux in modal logics, annotated logic programs in logic programming, proof tracing in truth maintenance systems, and various side annotations in higher-order proof theory, arithmetic and analysis. This widespread local use of labels was an indication of an underlying logical pattern, namely the simultaneous side-by-side manipulation of several kinds of logical information. It was clear that there was a need to establish the labelled deductive systems methodology. Modal logic is one major area where labelling can be developed quickly and sys tematically with a view of demonstrating its power and significant advantage. In modal logic the labels can play a double role.

An Introduction to Non-Classical Logic

Author: Graham Priest
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521794343
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 268

Book Description
This book is an introduction to non-classical propositional logics. It brings together for the first time in a textbook a range of topics in logic, many of them of relatively recent origin, including modal, conditional, intuitionist, many-valued, paraconsistent, relevant and fuzzy logics. The material is unified by the underlying theme of world-semantics. All of the topics are explained clearly and accessibly, using devices such as tableaux proofs, and their relation to current philosophical issues and debates is discussed. Students with a basic understanding of classical logic will find this an invaluable introduction to an area that has become of central importance in both logic and philosophy, but which, until now, could be studied only through the research literature. It will interest those studying logic, those who need to know about non-classical logics because of their philosophical importance, and, more widely, readers working in mathematics and computer science.

Logic and Implication

Author: Petr Cintula
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030856755
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 465

Book Description
This monograph presents a general theory of weakly implicative logics, a family covering a vast number of non-classical logics studied in the literature, concentrating mainly on the abstract study of the relationship between logics and their algebraic semantics. It can also serve as an introduction to (abstract) algebraic logic, both propositional and first-order, with special attention paid to the role of implication, lattice and residuated connectives, and generalized disjunctions. Based on their recent work, the authors develop a powerful uniform framework for the study of non-classical logics. In a self-contained and didactic style, starting from very elementary notions, they build a general theory with a substantial number of abstract results. The theory is then applied to obtain numerous results for prominent families of logics and their algebraic counterparts, in particular for superintuitionistic, modal, substructural, fuzzy, and relevant logics. The book may be of interest to a wide audience, especially students and scholars in the fields of mathematics, philosophy, computer science, or related areas, looking for an introduction to a general theory of non-classical logics and their algebraic semantics.

An Introduction to Formal Logic

Author: Peter Smith
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521008044
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 370

Book Description
Formal logic provides us with a powerful set of techniques for criticizing some arguments and showing others to be valid. These techniques are relevant to all of us with an interest in being skilful and accurate reasoners. In this highly accessible book, Peter Smith presents a guide to the fundamental aims and basic elements of formal logic. He introduces the reader to the languages of propositional and predicate logic, and then develops formal systems for evaluating arguments translated into these languages, concentrating on the easily comprehensible 'tree' method. His discussion is richly illustrated with worked examples and exercises. A distinctive feature is that, alongside the formal work, there is illuminating philosophical commentary. This book will make an ideal text for a first logic course, and will provide a firm basis for further work in formal and philosophical logic.

Introduction to Logic

Author: Alfred Tarski
Publisher: Courier Corporation
ISBN: 0486318893
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 271

Book Description
This classic undergraduate treatment examines the deductive method in its first part and explores applications of logic and methodology in constructing mathematical theories in its second part. Exercises appear throughout.

Classical and Nonclassical Logics

Author: Eric Schechter
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 069122014X
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 520

Book Description
So-called classical logic--the logic developed in the early twentieth century by Gottlob Frege, Bertrand Russell, and others--is computationally the simplest of the major logics, and it is adequate for the needs of most mathematicians. But it is just one of the many kinds of reasoning in everyday thought. Consequently, when presented by itself--as in most introductory texts on logic--it seems arbitrary and unnatural to students new to the subject. In Classical and Nonclassical Logics, Eric Schechter introduces classical logic alongside constructive, relevant, comparative, and other nonclassical logics. Such logics have been investigated for decades in research journals and advanced books, but this is the first textbook to make this subject accessible to beginners. While presenting an assortment of logics separately, it also conveys the deeper ideas (such as derivations and soundness) that apply to all logics. The book leads up to proofs of the Disjunction Property of constructive logic and completeness for several logics. The book begins with brief introductions to informal set theory and general topology, and avoids advanced algebra; thus it is self-contained and suitable for readers with little background in mathematics. It is intended primarily for undergraduate students with no previous experience of formal logic, but advanced students as well as researchers will also profit from this book.

Proof Theory and Algebra in Logic

Author: Hiroakira Ono
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811379971
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 160

Book Description
This book offers a concise introduction to both proof-theory and algebraic methods, the core of the syntactic and semantic study of logic respectively. The importance of combining these two has been increasingly recognized in recent years. It highlights the contrasts between the deep, concrete results using the former and the general, abstract ones using the latter. Covering modal logics, many-valued logics, superintuitionistic and substructural logics, together with their algebraic semantics, the book also provides an introduction to nonclassical logic for undergraduate or graduate level courses.The book is divided into two parts: Proof Theory in Part I and Algebra in Logic in Part II. Part I presents sequent systems and discusses cut elimination and its applications in detail. It also provides simplified proof of cut elimination, making the topic more accessible. The last chapter of Part I is devoted to clarification of the classes of logics that are discussed in the second part. Part II focuses on algebraic semantics for these logics. At the same time, it is a gentle introduction to the basics of algebraic logic and universal algebra with many examples of their applications in logic. Part II can be read independently of Part I, with only minimum knowledge required, and as such is suitable as a textbook for short introductory courses on algebra in logic.

Quantification in Nonclassical Logic

Author: Dov M. Gabbay
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 008093112X
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 641

Book Description
Quantification and modalities have always been topics of great interest for logicians. These two themes emerged from philosophy and language in ancient times; they were studied by traditional informal methods until the 20th century. In the last century the tools became highly mathematical, and both modal logic and quantification found numerous applications in Computer Science. At the same time many other kinds of nonclassical logics were investigated and applied to Computer Science. Although there exist several good books in propositional modal logics, this book is the first detailed monograph in nonclassical first-order quantification. It includes results obtained during the past thirty years. The field is very large, so we confine ourselves with only two kinds of logics: modal and superintuitionistic. The main emphasis of Volume 1 is model-theoretic, and it concentrates on descriptions of different sound semantics and completeness problem --- even for these seemingly simple questions we have our hands full. The major part of the presented material has never been published before. Some results are very recent, and for other results we either give new proofs or first proofs in full detail.