Author: IOActive
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080558798
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 329
Book Description
If you want to master the art and science of reverse engineering code with IDA Pro for security R&D or software debugging, this is the book for you. Highly organized and sophisticated criminal entities are constantly developing more complex, obfuscated, and armored viruses, worms, Trojans, and botnets. IDA Pro's interactive interface and programmable development language provide you with complete control over code disassembly and debugging. This is the only book which focuses exclusively on the world's most powerful and popular took for reverse engineering code. - Reverse Engineer REAL Hostile Code To follow along with this chapter, you must download a file called !DANGER!INFECTEDMALWARE!DANGER!... 'nuff said - Portable Executable (PE) and Executable and Linking Formats (ELF) Understand the physical layout of PE and ELF files, and analyze the components that are essential to reverse engineering - Break Hostile Code Armor and Write your own Exploits Understand execution flow, trace functions, recover hard coded passwords, find vulnerable functions, backtrace execution, and craft a buffer overflow - Master Debugging Debug in IDA Pro, use a debugger while reverse engineering, perform heap and stack access modification, and use other debuggers - Stop Anti-Reversing Anti-reversing, like reverse engineering or coding in assembly, is an art form. The trick of course is to try to stop the person reversing the application. Find out how! - Track a Protocol through a Binary and Recover its Message Structure Trace execution flow from a read event, determine the structure of a protocol, determine if the protocol has any undocumented messages, and use IDA Pro to determine the functions that process a particular message - Develop IDA Scripts and Plug-ins Learn the basics of IDA scripting and syntax, and write IDC scripts and plug-ins to automate even the most complex tasks
The IDA Pro Book, 2nd Edition
Author: Chris Eagle
Publisher: No Starch Press
ISBN: 1593273959
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 676
Book Description
No source code? No problem. With IDA Pro, the interactive disassembler, you live in a source code-optional world. IDA can automatically analyze the millions of opcodes that make up an executable and present you with a disassembly. But at that point, your work is just beginning. With The IDA Pro Book, you'll learn how to turn that mountain of mnemonics into something you can actually use. Hailed by the creator of IDA Pro as "profound, comprehensive, and accurate," the second edition of The IDA Pro Book covers everything from the very first steps to advanced automation techniques. You'll find complete coverage of IDA's new Qt-based user interface, as well as increased coverage of the IDA debugger, the Bochs debugger, and IDA scripting (especially using IDAPython). But because humans are still smarter than computers, you'll even learn how to use IDA's latest interactive and scriptable interfaces to your advantage. Save time and effort as you learn to: –Navigate, comment, and modify disassembly –Identify known library routines, so you can focus your analysis on other areas of the code –Use code graphing to quickly make sense of cross references and function calls –Extend IDA to support new processors and filetypes using the SDK –Explore popular plug-ins that make writing IDA scripts easier, allow collaborative reverse engineering, and much more –Use IDA's built-in debugger to tackle hostile and obfuscated code Whether you're analyzing malware, conducting vulnerability research, or reverse engineering software, a mastery of IDA is crucial to your success. Take your skills to the next level with this 2nd edition of The IDA Pro Book.
Publisher: No Starch Press
ISBN: 1593273959
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 676
Book Description
No source code? No problem. With IDA Pro, the interactive disassembler, you live in a source code-optional world. IDA can automatically analyze the millions of opcodes that make up an executable and present you with a disassembly. But at that point, your work is just beginning. With The IDA Pro Book, you'll learn how to turn that mountain of mnemonics into something you can actually use. Hailed by the creator of IDA Pro as "profound, comprehensive, and accurate," the second edition of The IDA Pro Book covers everything from the very first steps to advanced automation techniques. You'll find complete coverage of IDA's new Qt-based user interface, as well as increased coverage of the IDA debugger, the Bochs debugger, and IDA scripting (especially using IDAPython). But because humans are still smarter than computers, you'll even learn how to use IDA's latest interactive and scriptable interfaces to your advantage. Save time and effort as you learn to: –Navigate, comment, and modify disassembly –Identify known library routines, so you can focus your analysis on other areas of the code –Use code graphing to quickly make sense of cross references and function calls –Extend IDA to support new processors and filetypes using the SDK –Explore popular plug-ins that make writing IDA scripts easier, allow collaborative reverse engineering, and much more –Use IDA's built-in debugger to tackle hostile and obfuscated code Whether you're analyzing malware, conducting vulnerability research, or reverse engineering software, a mastery of IDA is crucial to your success. Take your skills to the next level with this 2nd edition of The IDA Pro Book.
The Ghidra Book
Author: Chris Eagle
Publisher: No Starch Press
ISBN: 171850103X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 610
Book Description
A guide to using the Ghidra software reverse engineering tool suite. The result of more than a decade of research and development within the NSA, the Ghidra platform was developed to address some of the agency's most challenging reverse-engineering problems. With the open-source release of this formerly restricted tool suite, one of the world's most capable disassemblers and intuitive decompilers is now in the hands of cybersecurity defenders everywhere -- and The Ghidra Book is the one and only guide you need to master it. In addition to discussing RE techniques useful in analyzing software and malware of all kinds, the book thoroughly introduces Ghidra's components, features, and unique capacity for group collaboration. You'll learn how to: Navigate a disassembly Use Ghidra's built-in decompiler to expedite analysis Analyze obfuscated binaries Extend Ghidra to recognize new data types Build new Ghidra analyzers and loaders Add support for new processors and instruction sets Script Ghidra tasks to automate workflows Set up and use a collaborative reverse engineering environment Designed for beginner and advanced users alike, The Ghidra Book will effectively prepare you to meet the needs and challenges of RE, so you can analyze files like a pro.
Publisher: No Starch Press
ISBN: 171850103X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 610
Book Description
A guide to using the Ghidra software reverse engineering tool suite. The result of more than a decade of research and development within the NSA, the Ghidra platform was developed to address some of the agency's most challenging reverse-engineering problems. With the open-source release of this formerly restricted tool suite, one of the world's most capable disassemblers and intuitive decompilers is now in the hands of cybersecurity defenders everywhere -- and The Ghidra Book is the one and only guide you need to master it. In addition to discussing RE techniques useful in analyzing software and malware of all kinds, the book thoroughly introduces Ghidra's components, features, and unique capacity for group collaboration. You'll learn how to: Navigate a disassembly Use Ghidra's built-in decompiler to expedite analysis Analyze obfuscated binaries Extend Ghidra to recognize new data types Build new Ghidra analyzers and loaders Add support for new processors and instruction sets Script Ghidra tasks to automate workflows Set up and use a collaborative reverse engineering environment Designed for beginner and advanced users alike, The Ghidra Book will effectively prepare you to meet the needs and challenges of RE, so you can analyze files like a pro.
Reversing
Author: Eldad Eilam
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118079760
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 630
Book Description
Beginning with a basic primer on reverse engineering-including computer internals, operating systems, and assembly language-and then discussing the various applications of reverse engineering, this book provides readers with practical, in-depth techniques for software reverse engineering. The book is broken into two parts, the first deals with security-related reverse engineering and the second explores the more practical aspects of reverse engineering. In addition, the author explains how to reverse engineer a third-party software library to improve interfacing and how to reverse engineer a competitor's software to build a better product. * The first popular book to show how software reverse engineering can help defend against security threats, speed up development, and unlock the secrets of competitive products * Helps developers plug security holes by demonstrating how hackers exploit reverse engineering techniques to crack copy-protection schemes and identify software targets for viruses and other malware * Offers a primer on advanced reverse-engineering, delving into "disassembly"-code-level reverse engineering-and explaining how to decipher assembly language
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118079760
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 630
Book Description
Beginning with a basic primer on reverse engineering-including computer internals, operating systems, and assembly language-and then discussing the various applications of reverse engineering, this book provides readers with practical, in-depth techniques for software reverse engineering. The book is broken into two parts, the first deals with security-related reverse engineering and the second explores the more practical aspects of reverse engineering. In addition, the author explains how to reverse engineer a third-party software library to improve interfacing and how to reverse engineer a competitor's software to build a better product. * The first popular book to show how software reverse engineering can help defend against security threats, speed up development, and unlock the secrets of competitive products * Helps developers plug security holes by demonstrating how hackers exploit reverse engineering techniques to crack copy-protection schemes and identify software targets for viruses and other malware * Offers a primer on advanced reverse-engineering, delving into "disassembly"-code-level reverse engineering-and explaining how to decipher assembly language
Practical Malware Analysis
Author: Michael Sikorski
Publisher: No Starch Press
ISBN: 1593272901
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 802
Book Description
Malware analysis is big business, and attacks can cost a company dearly. When malware breaches your defenses, you need to act quickly to cure current infections and prevent future ones from occurring. For those who want to stay ahead of the latest malware, Practical Malware Analysis will teach you the tools and techniques used by professional analysts. With this book as your guide, you'll be able to safely analyze, debug, and disassemble any malicious software that comes your way. You'll learn how to: –Set up a safe virtual environment to analyze malware –Quickly extract network signatures and host-based indicators –Use key analysis tools like IDA Pro, OllyDbg, and WinDbg –Overcome malware tricks like obfuscation, anti-disassembly, anti-debugging, and anti-virtual machine techniques –Use your newfound knowledge of Windows internals for malware analysis –Develop a methodology for unpacking malware and get practical experience with five of the most popular packers –Analyze special cases of malware with shellcode, C++, and 64-bit code Hands-on labs throughout the book challenge you to practice and synthesize your skills as you dissect real malware samples, and pages of detailed dissections offer an over-the-shoulder look at how the pros do it. You'll learn how to crack open malware to see how it really works, determine what damage it has done, thoroughly clean your network, and ensure that the malware never comes back. Malware analysis is a cat-and-mouse game with rules that are constantly changing, so make sure you have the fundamentals. Whether you're tasked with securing one network or a thousand networks, or you're making a living as a malware analyst, you'll find what you need to succeed in Practical Malware Analysis.
Publisher: No Starch Press
ISBN: 1593272901
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 802
Book Description
Malware analysis is big business, and attacks can cost a company dearly. When malware breaches your defenses, you need to act quickly to cure current infections and prevent future ones from occurring. For those who want to stay ahead of the latest malware, Practical Malware Analysis will teach you the tools and techniques used by professional analysts. With this book as your guide, you'll be able to safely analyze, debug, and disassemble any malicious software that comes your way. You'll learn how to: –Set up a safe virtual environment to analyze malware –Quickly extract network signatures and host-based indicators –Use key analysis tools like IDA Pro, OllyDbg, and WinDbg –Overcome malware tricks like obfuscation, anti-disassembly, anti-debugging, and anti-virtual machine techniques –Use your newfound knowledge of Windows internals for malware analysis –Develop a methodology for unpacking malware and get practical experience with five of the most popular packers –Analyze special cases of malware with shellcode, C++, and 64-bit code Hands-on labs throughout the book challenge you to practice and synthesize your skills as you dissect real malware samples, and pages of detailed dissections offer an over-the-shoulder look at how the pros do it. You'll learn how to crack open malware to see how it really works, determine what damage it has done, thoroughly clean your network, and ensure that the malware never comes back. Malware analysis is a cat-and-mouse game with rules that are constantly changing, so make sure you have the fundamentals. Whether you're tasked with securing one network or a thousand networks, or you're making a living as a malware analyst, you'll find what you need to succeed in Practical Malware Analysis.
Learning Malware Analysis
Author: Monnappa K A
Publisher: Packt Publishing Ltd
ISBN: 1788397525
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 500
Book Description
Understand malware analysis and its practical implementation Key Features Explore the key concepts of malware analysis and memory forensics using real-world examples Learn the art of detecting, analyzing, and investigating malware threats Understand adversary tactics and techniques Book Description Malware analysis and memory forensics are powerful analysis and investigation techniques used in reverse engineering, digital forensics, and incident response. With adversaries becoming sophisticated and carrying out advanced malware attacks on critical infrastructures, data centers, and private and public organizations, detecting, responding to, and investigating such intrusions is critical to information security professionals. Malware analysis and memory forensics have become must-have skills to fight advanced malware, targeted attacks, and security breaches. This book teaches you the concepts, techniques, and tools to understand the behavior and characteristics of malware through malware analysis. It also teaches you techniques to investigate and hunt malware using memory forensics. This book introduces you to the basics of malware analysis, and then gradually progresses into the more advanced concepts of code analysis and memory forensics. It uses real-world malware samples, infected memory images, and visual diagrams to help you gain a better understanding of the subject and to equip you with the skills required to analyze, investigate, and respond to malware-related incidents. What you will learn Create a safe and isolated lab environment for malware analysis Extract the metadata associated with malware Determine malware's interaction with the system Perform code analysis using IDA Pro and x64dbg Reverse-engineer various malware functionalities Reverse engineer and decode common encoding/encryption algorithms Reverse-engineer malware code injection and hooking techniques Investigate and hunt malware using memory forensics Who this book is for This book is for incident responders, cyber-security investigators, system administrators, malware analyst, forensic practitioners, student, or curious security professionals interested in learning malware analysis and memory forensics. Knowledge of programming languages such as C and Python is helpful but is not mandatory. If you have written few lines of code and have a basic understanding of programming concepts, you’ll be able to get most out of this book.
Publisher: Packt Publishing Ltd
ISBN: 1788397525
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 500
Book Description
Understand malware analysis and its practical implementation Key Features Explore the key concepts of malware analysis and memory forensics using real-world examples Learn the art of detecting, analyzing, and investigating malware threats Understand adversary tactics and techniques Book Description Malware analysis and memory forensics are powerful analysis and investigation techniques used in reverse engineering, digital forensics, and incident response. With adversaries becoming sophisticated and carrying out advanced malware attacks on critical infrastructures, data centers, and private and public organizations, detecting, responding to, and investigating such intrusions is critical to information security professionals. Malware analysis and memory forensics have become must-have skills to fight advanced malware, targeted attacks, and security breaches. This book teaches you the concepts, techniques, and tools to understand the behavior and characteristics of malware through malware analysis. It also teaches you techniques to investigate and hunt malware using memory forensics. This book introduces you to the basics of malware analysis, and then gradually progresses into the more advanced concepts of code analysis and memory forensics. It uses real-world malware samples, infected memory images, and visual diagrams to help you gain a better understanding of the subject and to equip you with the skills required to analyze, investigate, and respond to malware-related incidents. What you will learn Create a safe and isolated lab environment for malware analysis Extract the metadata associated with malware Determine malware's interaction with the system Perform code analysis using IDA Pro and x64dbg Reverse-engineer various malware functionalities Reverse engineer and decode common encoding/encryption algorithms Reverse-engineer malware code injection and hooking techniques Investigate and hunt malware using memory forensics Who this book is for This book is for incident responders, cyber-security investigators, system administrators, malware analyst, forensic practitioners, student, or curious security professionals interested in learning malware analysis and memory forensics. Knowledge of programming languages such as C and Python is helpful but is not mandatory. If you have written few lines of code and have a basic understanding of programming concepts, you’ll be able to get most out of this book.
Mastering Reverse Engineering
Author: Reginald Wong
Publisher: Packt Publishing Ltd
ISBN: 1788835298
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 423
Book Description
Implement reverse engineering techniques to analyze software, exploit software targets, and defend against security threats like malware and viruses. Key FeaturesAnalyze and improvise software and hardware with real-world examplesLearn advanced debugging and patching techniques with tools such as IDA Pro, x86dbg, and Radare2.Explore modern security techniques to identify, exploit, and avoid cyber threatsBook Description If you want to analyze software in order to exploit its weaknesses and strengthen its defenses, then you should explore reverse engineering. Reverse Engineering is a hackerfriendly tool used to expose security flaws and questionable privacy practices.In this book, you will learn how to analyse software even without having access to its source code or design documents. You will start off by learning the low-level language used to communicate with the computer and then move on to covering reverse engineering techniques. Next, you will explore analysis techniques using real-world tools such as IDA Pro and x86dbg. As you progress through the chapters, you will walk through use cases encountered in reverse engineering, such as encryption and compression, used to obfuscate code, and how to to identify and overcome anti-debugging and anti-analysis tricks. Lastly, you will learn how to analyse other types of files that contain code. By the end of this book, you will have the confidence to perform reverse engineering. What you will learnLearn core reverse engineeringIdentify and extract malware componentsExplore the tools used for reverse engineeringRun programs under non-native operating systemsUnderstand binary obfuscation techniquesIdentify and analyze anti-debugging and anti-analysis tricksWho this book is for If you are a security engineer or analyst or a system programmer and want to use reverse engineering to improve your software and hardware, this is the book for you. You will also find this book useful if you are a developer who wants to explore and learn reverse engineering. Having some programming/shell scripting knowledge is an added advantage.
Publisher: Packt Publishing Ltd
ISBN: 1788835298
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 423
Book Description
Implement reverse engineering techniques to analyze software, exploit software targets, and defend against security threats like malware and viruses. Key FeaturesAnalyze and improvise software and hardware with real-world examplesLearn advanced debugging and patching techniques with tools such as IDA Pro, x86dbg, and Radare2.Explore modern security techniques to identify, exploit, and avoid cyber threatsBook Description If you want to analyze software in order to exploit its weaknesses and strengthen its defenses, then you should explore reverse engineering. Reverse Engineering is a hackerfriendly tool used to expose security flaws and questionable privacy practices.In this book, you will learn how to analyse software even without having access to its source code or design documents. You will start off by learning the low-level language used to communicate with the computer and then move on to covering reverse engineering techniques. Next, you will explore analysis techniques using real-world tools such as IDA Pro and x86dbg. As you progress through the chapters, you will walk through use cases encountered in reverse engineering, such as encryption and compression, used to obfuscate code, and how to to identify and overcome anti-debugging and anti-analysis tricks. Lastly, you will learn how to analyse other types of files that contain code. By the end of this book, you will have the confidence to perform reverse engineering. What you will learnLearn core reverse engineeringIdentify and extract malware componentsExplore the tools used for reverse engineeringRun programs under non-native operating systemsUnderstand binary obfuscation techniquesIdentify and analyze anti-debugging and anti-analysis tricksWho this book is for If you are a security engineer or analyst or a system programmer and want to use reverse engineering to improve your software and hardware, this is the book for you. You will also find this book useful if you are a developer who wants to explore and learn reverse engineering. Having some programming/shell scripting knowledge is an added advantage.
Gray Hat Hacking, Second Edition
Author: Shon Harris
Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN: 0071595538
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 577
Book Description
"A fantastic book for anyone looking to learn the tools and techniques needed to break in and stay in." --Bruce Potter, Founder, The Shmoo Group "Very highly recommended whether you are a seasoned professional or just starting out in the security business." --Simple Nomad, Hacker
Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN: 0071595538
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 577
Book Description
"A fantastic book for anyone looking to learn the tools and techniques needed to break in and stay in." --Bruce Potter, Founder, The Shmoo Group "Very highly recommended whether you are a seasoned professional or just starting out in the security business." --Simple Nomad, Hacker
The IDA Pro Book, 2nd Edition
Author: Chris Eagle
Publisher: No Starch Press
ISBN: 1593272898
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 676
Book Description
No source code? No problem. With IDA Pro, the interactive disassembler, you live in a source code-optional world. IDA can automatically analyze the millions of opcodes that make up an executable and present you with a disassembly. But at that point, your work is just beginning. With The IDA Pro Book, you'll learn how to turn that mountain of mnemonics into something you can actually use. Hailed by the creator of IDA Pro as "profound, comprehensive, and accurate," the second edition of The IDA Pro Book covers everything from the very first steps to advanced automation techniques. You'll find complete coverage of IDA's new Qt-based user interface, as well as increased coverage of the IDA debugger, the Bochs debugger, and IDA scripting (especially using IDAPython). But because humans are still smarter than computers, you'll even learn how to use IDA's latest interactive and scriptable interfaces to your advantage. Save time and effort as you learn to: –Navigate, comment, and modify disassembly –Identify known library routines, so you can focus your analysis on other areas of the code –Use code graphing to quickly make sense of cross references and function calls –Extend IDA to support new processors and filetypes using the SDK –Explore popular plug-ins that make writing IDA scripts easier, allow collaborative reverse engineering, and much more –Use IDA's built-in debugger to tackle hostile and obfuscated code Whether you're analyzing malware, conducting vulnerability research, or reverse engineering software, a mastery of IDA is crucial to your success. Take your skills to the next level with this 2nd edition of The IDA Pro Book.
Publisher: No Starch Press
ISBN: 1593272898
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 676
Book Description
No source code? No problem. With IDA Pro, the interactive disassembler, you live in a source code-optional world. IDA can automatically analyze the millions of opcodes that make up an executable and present you with a disassembly. But at that point, your work is just beginning. With The IDA Pro Book, you'll learn how to turn that mountain of mnemonics into something you can actually use. Hailed by the creator of IDA Pro as "profound, comprehensive, and accurate," the second edition of The IDA Pro Book covers everything from the very first steps to advanced automation techniques. You'll find complete coverage of IDA's new Qt-based user interface, as well as increased coverage of the IDA debugger, the Bochs debugger, and IDA scripting (especially using IDAPython). But because humans are still smarter than computers, you'll even learn how to use IDA's latest interactive and scriptable interfaces to your advantage. Save time and effort as you learn to: –Navigate, comment, and modify disassembly –Identify known library routines, so you can focus your analysis on other areas of the code –Use code graphing to quickly make sense of cross references and function calls –Extend IDA to support new processors and filetypes using the SDK –Explore popular plug-ins that make writing IDA scripts easier, allow collaborative reverse engineering, and much more –Use IDA's built-in debugger to tackle hostile and obfuscated code Whether you're analyzing malware, conducting vulnerability research, or reverse engineering software, a mastery of IDA is crucial to your success. Take your skills to the next level with this 2nd edition of The IDA Pro Book.
The Art of Assembly Language, 2nd Edition
Author: Randall Hyde
Publisher: No Starch Press
ISBN: 1593272073
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 764
Book Description
Assembly is a low-level programming language that's one step above a computer's native machine language. Although assembly language is commonly used for writing device drivers, emulators, and video games, many programmers find its somewhat unfriendly syntax intimidating to learn and use. Since 1996, Randall Hyde's The Art of Assembly Language has provided a comprehensive, plain-English, and patient introduction to 32-bit x86 assembly for non-assembly programmers. Hyde's primary teaching tool, High Level Assembler (or HLA), incorporates many of the features found in high-level languages (like C, C++, and Java) to help you quickly grasp basic assembly concepts. HLA lets you write true low-level code while enjoying the benefits of high-level language programming. As you read The Art of Assembly Language, you'll learn the low-level theory fundamental to computer science and turn that understanding into real, functional code. You'll learn how to: –Edit, compile, and run HLA programs –Declare and use constants, scalar variables, pointers, arrays, structures, unions, and namespaces –Translate arithmetic expressions (integer and floating point) –Convert high-level control structures This much anticipated second edition of The Art of Assembly Language has been updated to reflect recent changes to HLA and to support Linux, Mac OS X, and FreeBSD. Whether you're new to programming or you have experience with high-level languages, The Art of Assembly Language, 2nd Edition is your essential guide to learning this complex, low-level language.
Publisher: No Starch Press
ISBN: 1593272073
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 764
Book Description
Assembly is a low-level programming language that's one step above a computer's native machine language. Although assembly language is commonly used for writing device drivers, emulators, and video games, many programmers find its somewhat unfriendly syntax intimidating to learn and use. Since 1996, Randall Hyde's The Art of Assembly Language has provided a comprehensive, plain-English, and patient introduction to 32-bit x86 assembly for non-assembly programmers. Hyde's primary teaching tool, High Level Assembler (or HLA), incorporates many of the features found in high-level languages (like C, C++, and Java) to help you quickly grasp basic assembly concepts. HLA lets you write true low-level code while enjoying the benefits of high-level language programming. As you read The Art of Assembly Language, you'll learn the low-level theory fundamental to computer science and turn that understanding into real, functional code. You'll learn how to: –Edit, compile, and run HLA programs –Declare and use constants, scalar variables, pointers, arrays, structures, unions, and namespaces –Translate arithmetic expressions (integer and floating point) –Convert high-level control structures This much anticipated second edition of The Art of Assembly Language has been updated to reflect recent changes to HLA and to support Linux, Mac OS X, and FreeBSD. Whether you're new to programming or you have experience with high-level languages, The Art of Assembly Language, 2nd Edition is your essential guide to learning this complex, low-level language.